Efficacy of Levofloxacin, Chitosan and EDTA Combination against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Skin Infections: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to modern health and most of the bacteria are resistant to one or more antibiotics. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)bacteria are almost always found to be resistant to multiple antibiotics. In this research, effort has been made to see the efficacy of Levofloxacin (LF) in combination of chitosan (CH) and ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in overcoming antibiotic resistance in MRSA strain. MIC and MBC were determined by standard broth dilution method for LF alone and LF+CH, CH+EDTA and LF+CH+EDTA combinations. The rate of killing of SA and MRSA by the LF+CH+EDTA were carried out at 2xMIC and 4xMIC concentrations. The efficacy of LF+CH+EDTA was also evaluated in vivo on MRSA infected skin wounds in rat model compared to LF alone. Results of antimicrobial studies showed four fold reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)by LF+CH+EDTAcompared to LF alone.Complete eradication of MRSA was observed when treated with LF+CH+EDTA at 2xMIC concentration within 6 hrs. The results of antimicrobial studies were further confirmed by animal studies. LF+CH+EDTA treated group showed significant reduction in the diameter of infected area on animal skin from Day 1 of the treatment (p < 0.05) compared to both control and plain drug treated group and complete absence of the infected area was observed after 4th day of treatment.Thus, it is concluded that LF+CH+EDTA…
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