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Recurrent Pyoderma Gangrenosum with Initial Onset in Early Pregnancy: A PARACELSUS-Supported Clinical Diagnosis in a Resource-Limited Setting in South-Western Uganda

Olwit G, Tumwesige C, Nek AJ, Chris-Uchendu HC, Tumwijukye S, Omalla ID, Mugisha AI, Atuhaire A et al.

International medical case reports journal, 2026

Abstract

Background: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by rapidly progressive, painful cutaneous ulceration and remains a diagnosis of exclusion because no single laboratory or histopathological test is diagnostic. Establishing a clinically well-supported diagnosis is particularly challenging in resource-limited settings where histopathology and other advanced investigations are often unavailable, necessitating reliance on structured clinical assessment and validated diagnostic frameworks.

Case presentation: A 26-year-old multiparous woman from South-Western Uganda presented with recurrent, progressively painful multifocal ulcerations involving both lower limbs and upper extremities. The initial episode developed during the first month of pregnancy as pruritic pustules that rapidly evolved into ulcerative lesions following minor trauma, with recurrence occurring two years later from a persistent non-healing ulcer. Comprehensive clinical evaluation found no evidence suggestive of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or other major associated systemic conditions, while wound cultures were sterile, supporting a non-infectious process. Because histopathology, gastrointestinal endoscopy, and other advanced investigations were unavailable, diagnosis relied on careful clinical assessment, systematic exclusion of important differential diagnoses, characteristic lesion morphology, pathergy, previous response to immunosuppressive therapy, and a PARACELSUS…

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