Multiple Antibiotics Resistance Index of both Gram-positive and Gram- Negative Bacteria Isolated from Diabetic patients attending General hospital Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
Abstract A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at General Hospital Minna, Niger State from January, 2025 to November, 2025. A total of 400 Diabetic patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic urinary tract infection were investigated for common uropathogenic microorganisms. Clean catch mid-stream urine specimens were collected from each participant. Uropathogens were isolated and identified using conventional standard techniques, the samples were cultured on Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient and MacConkey agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the uropathogens isolated were determined using disc l diffusion method for bacteria pathogens and MAR index was calculated as the ratio of the number of antibiotics to which an organism is resistance to the total number of antibiotics to which the organism is exposed. which is calculated as a/b, where a = number of antibiotics isolate was resistance to, b = the total number of antibiotics used. The overall prevalence of uropathogens in patients was (71.00%) with prevalence of (60.5%) bacteriuria. Escherichia coli (30.31%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.33%), Proteus mirabilis (11.49%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.41%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.41%) and Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (8.36%) were the common uropathogens obtained. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria showed high level of resistance to antibiotics such as Amoxicillin, ceftazidime, Erythromycin, Gentamycin, Levofloxacin and Rifampicin.…
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