Impact of digital Tai Chi interventions on the physical and mental health of older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Background and objective: Digital Tai Chi provides an expanding platform for geriatric rehabilitation. This study employs a meta-analysis to provide a preliminary evaluation of the integrated effects of digital Tai Chi interventions on physical function, psycho-cognitive health, and quality of life in older adults, with a specific focus on how varying levels of technological interaction modulate intervention efficacy.
Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were searched through January 21, 2026. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating digital Tai Chi in older adults were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2.0 tool, and effect sizes were synthesized using a random-effects model.
Results: A total of 10 RCTs involving 907 participants were included. Meta-analysis results indicated that, in terms of psychological and cognitive outcomes, digital Tai Chi significantly improved global cognitive function (SMD = 0.64; 95% CI [0.09, 1.19]; p = 0.02) and alleviated depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.55; 95% CI [-1.03, -0.08]; p = 0.02). Notably, high-interaction technologies (e.g., AI feedback, VR) demonstrated superior effect stability in improving depression. Regarding physical function, improvements in the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) (MD = -0.63 s; 95% CI [-1.41, 0.16]; p = 0.12) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD = 0.45; 95% CI [-0.94, 1.84]; p = 0.52) did not reach statistical significance. Subgroup…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 907 participants or records.
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