The role of three-dimensional printing models in medical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of three-dimensional printing models (3DPMs) in the medical education for undergrade students.
Method: A comprehensive search was performed across three online databases including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of SCI, and Scopus spanning from their inception to October 30, 2024. Studies that satisfied the predefined inclusion criteria were incorporated into the analysis. Data analysis was executed utilizing RevMan 5.4.1. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on various models, and overall effects were estimated using either the fixed effects model or the random effects model. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.
Results: A total of 33 studies were included in this study, involving 2716 medical undergraduates. The findings indicate that 3DPMs demonstrated significant advantages over the control group in theory test of the skeletal system with a moderate effect size (N = 646, P 2 = 80%, SMD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.20-0.93, Random effect model).Moreover, 3DPMs showed a moderate effect size advantage over the control group in laboratory tests with moderate effect size (N = 299, P 2 = 0%, SMD = 0.57, 95% CI 0.34 - 0.80, Fixed effect model). Additionally, 3DP showed advantage over the control group in total tests with small effect size (N = 832, P = 0.20, I2 = 84%, SMD = 0.26, 95% CI -0.14-0.66, Random effect model).
Conclusion:…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 832 participants or records.
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