Comparative efficacy of cognitive training modalities in cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Abstract
Background: Cognitive training is a widely utilized non-pharmacological intervention to enhance cognitive performance in individuals with cognitive impairment. Despite its potential, significant ambiguity remains regarding its definition, optimal modalities, and design parameters. It remains unclear which types of cognitive training are relatively optimal for different levels of cognitive impairment or how intervention designs can maximize therapeutic benefits.
Objectives: This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of various cognitive training modalities on cognitive, psychological, and quality-of-life outcomes in individuals with cognitive impairment. Additionally, it sought to identify optimal intervention approaches, clarify key design parameters, and examine critical factors influencing treatment efficacy.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across 12 databases from the establishment of the database until October 24, 2024, to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating cognitive training interventions. Data were analyzed using pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis in Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 18.
Results: Totally 43 RCTs were included. Pairwise meta-analysis revealed that cognitive strategy training demonstrated superior to active control (AC) or passive control (PC) in improving language function, immediate memory, depressive symptoms and quality of life. However, no significant effects…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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