Application of Digital Health Technologies in Scoliosis Rehabilitation: Systematic Review Based on the Technology Classification Framework
Abstract
Background: Digital health technologies are increasingly being used in scoliosis rehabilitation, but current evidence remains fragmented, and the effectiveness of these technologies across different categories, and their implementation in the real world remains unclear.
Objective: We systematically evaluated the efficacy, implementation factors, and potential mechanisms of action of digital health technologies across various categories for scoliosis rehabilitation.
Methods: We searched PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to November 7, 2025, with an updated search on May 12, 2026. We included English-language controlled trials, cohort studies, and feasibility studies of digital interventions for any type of scoliosis that reported at least one quantitative outcome; nonoriginal publications, purely surgical studies, and those without extractable data were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool (RoB 2) and the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I), and intervention reporting completeness was assessed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). Interventions were categorized into 5 technology types and further stratified by evidence maturity into 3 tiers. Evidence was synthesized using vote counting based on the direction of effect, with prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses, and certainty of evidence assessed using the Grading of Recommendations…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 574 participants or records.
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