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Ceramic art design generation and aesthetic quality evaluation based on multimodal large language models and diffusion probabilistic framework

Zhao W

Scientific reports, 2026

Abstract

Ceramic art design faces persistent challenges in balancing cultural authenticity with production efficiency, as conventional workflows rely heavily on subjective artisan expertise. This paper presents a unified framework that integrates multimodal large language models with diffusion probabilistic models for surface-decoration generation and computational visual-aesthetic proxy evaluation of vessel-based ceramic objects, with a dataset predominantly drawn from Chinese ceramic traditions. The framework comprises three coupled modules: a multimodal semantic parsing module that extracts structured design attributes from textual briefs or reference images via instruction-tuned vision-language modeling augmented by a ceramic domain knowledge graph; a style-conditioned diffusion generation network employing cross-attention semantic injection and adaptive layer normalization to synthesize ceramic designs under fine-grained stylistic control; and a multi-dimensional aesthetic quality evaluation model that scores generated outputs across compositional rationality, color harmony, texture fineness, and style consistency using attention-weighted adaptive fusion calibrated against expert judgment. Experiments on a purpose-built dataset of over 21,000 annotated ceramic images spanning five major traditions centered on Chinese porcelain and stoneware demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a FID of 28.35 and an IS of 10.46, substantially outperforming existing baselines. The…

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