Editorial: Third-Generation Neuroimaging: Translating Research into Clinical Utility
Abstract
As yet, no reliable structural or functional brain marker has been univocally associated with any psychiatric disorder, and no clinical applications have been developed in psychiatric neuroimaging (1–4). There is thus urgent need of psychiatric imaging to move toward third-generation paradigms. First-generation psychiatric neuroimaging focused on simple structural brain alterations associated with the neurobiology of the illness. These early studies adopted imaging methods mainly including computerized tomography (CT) to investigate brain size (5). Second-generation psychiatric neuroimaging studies benefited from more sophisticated techniques, which included structural techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), functional approaches such as task-related or resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electroencephalography (EEG) and neurochemical measurements like positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). However, by using these powerful non-invasive measurements, psychiatric imaging needs to move away from simple investigations of the neurobiology underling the early phases of psychiatric diseases in order to translate imaging findings into daily clinical routines, targeting clinical outcomes including transition, remission, and response to preventative treatment scenarios (1, 2, 6–11). The aim of this research topic is to…
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