How good are our models of cardiovascular disease?
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an enormous health challenge that remains a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that nearly one third of all deaths in 2019 were directly attributable to myocardial or vascular disease (myocardial infarction and stroke account for nearly 85% of all cardiovascular disease related deaths) (WHO, 2021). Although several modifiable risk factors are known (e.g., hypertension, smoking, diabetes and poor diet), our understanding of precise cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular pathology is minimal, and hence, many of our current therapies still merely treat the symptoms of cardiovascular disease. In order to more effectively intervene to halt or reverse cardiovascular disease progression, we first need to gain a greater understanding of those complex underlying pathologies. Animal models have been, and will continue to be, vital for increasing our understanding of both physiology and cardiovascular disease development in humans. This themed issue on Preclinical Models for Cardiovascular Disease Research comprises 11 reviews by leading cardiovascular research groups that describe and update current models for studying key features of human cardiovascular pathologies. Since the major therapeutic approach in tackling cardiovascular disease remains drug based, articles in this Themed Issue provide important context on how the model in question can be used to develop new drugs to…
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