The treatment of urinary tract infections and use of ciprofloxacin extended release
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common reasons people seek medical attention. There are > 50% of women who will have at least one UTI during their lifetime and most of these will require a physician visit and antibiotic treatment. The high prevalence continues to the in-patient setting where genitourinary infections are the most common nosocomial infection. The efficient diagnosis and effective treatment of UTIs is a major healthcare concern. Factors such as economic efficiency and emerging resistance are increasingly becoming more important considerations in providing patient care. In out-patient uncomplicated UTIs, Escherichia coli has been implicated in < or = 75-90% of cases. Although the prevalence in the in-patient setting decreases, E. coli is still the most common bacteria identified and present in 21-54% of urinary isolates. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been the preferred first-line agent for uncomplicated out-patient UTIs where local resistance is < 10 - 20%. In recent years, resistance has superseded this threshold in most regions of the US and Europe. In these areas with increased resistance, fluoroquinolones have become a common first-line agent. Ciprofloxacin has been one of the most widely used fluoroquinolones and has a well-known safety profile, as well as excellent activity against most of the common uropathogens. Ciprofloxacin extended release (ER) is a recently released once-daily formulation that has been increasingly used with…
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