Prevalence and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Uropathogens in Bangladesh: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study
Abstract
Abstract Background Urinary tract infections are one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, with a substantial socioeconomic burden, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries, where the rise of antimicrobial resistance further complicates treatment. In Bangladesh, misuse of antibiotics due to widespread availability without prescriptions has been a key contributor to the development of this resistance. Hence, clinicians need to be equipped with knowledge of current resistance patterns to provide effective empirical therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Methods Culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing data from 9,625 samples collected between July and December 2025 were obtained from the Microbiology departments of Dhaka Medical College, Rajshahi Medical College, and Mymensingh Medical College, in this retrospective cross-sectional study. The samples were cultured on MacConkey agar, Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient agar, and blood agar; species identification was performed via Gram staining and other standard biochemical tests. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar was utilized for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Growth positivity, distribution of isolated uropathogens, antibiotic susceptibility and resistance, and resistance classification were assessed using descriptive statistics. Results 1730 (17.97%) samples were growth-positive, of which…
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