High prevalence of β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance in various phylotypes of Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Jiroft city, Iran
Abstract
Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases with worldwide health threatening. Antimicrobial resistant strains of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) are a common cause of UTI which were identified as a treatment challenge. This study aimed to assay the prevalence of common β-lactam resistance genes including bla _TEM, bla _SHV, bla _CTX-M and bla _CMY and phenotypic resistance to commonly used β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in UTIs. These factors were evaluated in various phylogenetic groups (phylotypes) of E. coli isolates. Real-time PCR was applied to detect β-lactam resistance genes and conventional PCR was used to determine the phylotypes. Phenotypic resistance against β-lactams (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftriaxone) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were identified by the disc diffusion technique. The ability of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production in E. coli isolates was detected using the combined disc diffusion method. Results The prevalence of resistance genes were 89.6% for bla _TEM, 44.3% for bla _CTX-M, 6.6% for bla _SHV and 0.9% for bla _CMY. The two high prevalent phylotypes were B2 (29.2%) and D (17.9%) followed by E (14.1%), F (9.4%), C (6.6%) and 10.3% of isolates were unknown in phylotyping. Disc diffusion results showed high prevalence of antibiotic resistance to cefotaxime (88.6%), aztreonam (83%), ceftireaxon (77.3%), ceftazidime (76.4%) and ciprofloxacin (55.6%). Totally,…
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