Epidemiology of urinary tract infections in adults among United States emergency departments from 2016 to 2023
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Infections of the urinary tract, including cystitis and pyelonephritis, are common reasons for presentation to the Emergency Department (ED). However, there are limited recent data on incidence and admission rates. Moreover, with changes in resistance rates, advances in antibiotic options, and increasing antimicrobial stewardship, there is a need to better understand the current management. This study reports the incidence, admission rates, and antibiotic distribution among a nationwide cohort of adult ED patients with cystitis and pyelonephritis over an eight-year period.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study of adult ED patients with a diagnosis of cystitis or pyelonephritis from 1/1/2016 to 12/31/2023. Using the Epic Cosmos database, ED visits for the above were identified using ICD-10 codes. Outcomes included total ED presentations, admission rates, outpatient antibiotic prescriptions, and antibiotics administered in the ED for admitted patients with cystitis or pyelonephritis. Data were analyzed with binary logistic regression models to measure the relationship between time and dependent variables.
RESULTS
There were 205,526,173 total ED encounters, with cystitis occurring in 8,768,481 (4.3 %) and pyelonephritis in 1,044,742 (0.5 %). 23.9 % of those with cystitis were admitted and 33.4 % of those with pyelonephritis were admitted, with a slight rise over time. The most common antibiotics for patients admitted with cystitis and pyelonephritis were…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Horizontal gene transfer in the human gastrointestinal tract: potential spread of antibiotic resistance genes
- Mutation supply and relative fitness shape the genotypes of ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli
- Genomic Survey of E. coli From the Bladders of Women With and Without Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
- Characterization of cefotaxime-resistant urinary Escherichia coli from primary care in South-West England 2017–18
- Fitness cost constrains the spectrum of marR mutations in ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli
- Emerging evidence-based innovative approaches to control catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a review
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.