Prevalence of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance among Hospitalized Patients in Shendi Town, Sudan
Abstract
Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is among the most common healthcare-associated in-fections worldwide. Prolonged catheterization facilitates bacterial colonization and biofilm formation, increasing the risk of infection and antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Shendi Town, River Nile State, Sudan, from January to April 2025. Fifty urine samples were collected aseptically from hospitalized patients with indwelling urinary catheters. Samples were cultured on CLED agar, and bacterial isolates were identified using colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the agar diffusion method.
Results: Out of 50 collected samples, 44 (88%) showed bacterial growth. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated organism (46%), followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (18%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14%), Klebsiella pneu-moniae (11%), Escherichia coli (9%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2%). Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 65.9% of isolates, while Gram-negative bacteria represented 34.1%. High resistance rates were observed against ciprofloxacin (68.1%), levofloxacin (66%), and norfloxacin (75%).
Conclusion: The study demonstrated a high…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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