A Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Trends of ESBL-Producing Escherichia Coli in UTIs in Patna Medical College & Hospital, Patna
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common worldwide, with Escherichia coli as the predominant
pathogen. The emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli poses a significant
therapeutic challenge due to multidrug resistance.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of ESBL-producing E. coli
in patients with UTIs.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Microbiology, Patna Medical College
and Hospital, Patna, India. Midstream urine samples from 326 patients with culture-confirmed UTIs were
analyzed. E. coli isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests, and ESBL production was confirmed
via the Combined Disk Test. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method
following CLSI guidelines.
Results: All 326 isolates were E. coli, with 121 (37.12%) confirmed as ESBL producers. ESBL-positive isolates
showed high resistance to cefotaxime (100%), ceftriaxone (98.3%), ceftazidime (97.5%), amoxicillin (96.7%),
and ciprofloxacin (84.3%). Carbapenems (meropenem, 94.2% sensitivity), nitrofurantoin (81%), and amikacin
(66.1%) remained effective. ESBL prevalence was not significantly associated with age or sex but correlated
strongly with cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance.
Conclusion: ESBL-producing E. coli constitutes a significant proportion of UTI pathogens with extensive
multidrug resistance. Carbapenems, nitrofurantoin,…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 326 participants or records.
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