Magnesium Oxide Use and Clinical Outcomes in CKD Patients: Evidence from a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Abstract
Background: Magnesium homeostasis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is complex, and serum magnesium concentrations reflect only approximately 1% of total body magnesium. Both magnesium deficiency (hypomagnesemia) and excess (hypermagnesemia) have been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, a concern that is particularly relevant in patients with CKD. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is frequently prescribed for dyspepsia and constipation in clinical practice; however, its clinical impact in CKD patients remains uncertain and warrants further investigation.
Materials and methods: We included non-dialysis CKD patients identified from the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database (TMUCRD) between 1998 and 2021. Adherence to MgO was assessed using the medication possession ratio (MPR). The primary outcomes were acute kidney injury (AKI), acute kidney disease (AKD), hospitalization for AKI, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis, congestive heart failure with pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmia, and acute myocardial infarction. Baseline comorbidities assessed prior to the index date included hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease (IHD), ischemic stroke, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic liver disease (CLD), and dementia. These variables, along with relevant medications, were included as covariates in multivariable models to adjust for…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence.
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