Is riboflavin supplementation effective for migraine prevention in children?
Abstract
were also sampled when seasonally appropriate (January and March, respectively). Seventeen or 18 samples were gathered from unspecified hard and soft toys in well and sick waiting rooms on each of three occasions (October, January, and March) for a total of 52 samples and eluted into viral transport broth. On a fourth date in the fall, 15 additional samples were gathered from toys and books in the sick waiting room before and after routine cleaning with germicidal cloths, to assess the office protocol’s efficacy. On a fifth date in the spring, 20 more samples were collected from the fingers of a researcher handling toys in the sick waiting room and compared with samples obtained from the toys themselves. Eleven of the 52 samples (21%) had detectable viral RNA, 10 with picornavirus, and one with influenza B virus, in the following distribution: 17% (2/ 12) of toys in the well waiting room, 20% (6/30) of toys in the sick waiting room, and notably, 30% (3/10) of “new bag” toys (toys used for comparison, in their original packaging that had not been in waiting rooms). Regarding cleaning efficacy, 40% of samples (6/15) had picornavirus before cleaning; 27% (4/15) remained positive after cleaning. Regarding transmission risk, 15% (3/20) of the toys in the sick waiting room were positive for picornavirus RNA, but no transmission was detected on the investigator’s fingers during toy handling. A 2002 observational sampling study assessed toys from eight clinical sites (six pediatric…
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