Magnesium Supplementation and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are inconsistent reports regarding the effect of magnesium intake on blood pressure (BP) across hypertensive and normotensive populations. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis and dose-response analysis to explore the relationship between magnesium supplementation and BP in randomized-controlled trials with a duration of ≥4 weeks, using a cubic spline regression model. RESULTS: Thirty-eight randomized controlled trials involving 2709 participants were eligible for inclusion. Studies included an elemental magnesium dose from 82.3 mg to 637 mg with a median dose of 365 mg and a median intervention period of 12 weeks. Mean differences of changes in BP were calculated by random effects meta-analysis. Magnesium intake resulted in a reduction in systolic BP of −2.81 mm Hg (95% CI, −4.32 to −1.29) and diastolic BP by −2.05 mm Hg (95% CI, −3.23 to −0.88) compared with placebo. Hypertensive individuals on BP-lowering medication and individuals with hypomagnesemia yielded greater systolic BP reductions of −7.68 and −5.97 mm Hg, respectively (P<0.05), and diastolic BP reductions of −2.96 and −4.75 mm Hg, respectively (P<0.05). In normotensive groups, statistical significance was not reached. We identified high heterogeneity across studies. We found no dose-response relationship between magnesium and BP changes (all P≥0.20). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the beneficial effect of magnesium on reducing BP among populations with hypertension and hypomagnesemia,…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 2,709 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Bioactive Molecules Released in Food by Lactic Acid Bacteria: Encrypted Peptides and Biogenic Amines
- A central role for amyloid fibrin microclots in long COVID/PASC: origins and therapeutic implications
- Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of phenolic compounds
- The Glutamate Hypothesis in ALS: Pathophysiology and Drug Development
- Therapeutic Approaches to Genetic Ion Channelopathies and Perspectives in Drug Discovery
- Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome Concerning the Cardiometabolic Risk
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.