Serum Magnesium and Calcium Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-sectional Comparative Study in Bangladesh
Abstract
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with increasing global prevalence. Essential mineral imbalances, particularly magnesium and calcium, are implicated in ASD pathogenesis due to their roles in neural function and oxidative stress regulation. This study evaluates serum magnesium and calcium levels in children with ASD in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2019 to June 2020 at BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, involving 100 children (50 ASD children, 50 healthy children) aged 2–10 years. Serum magnesium and calcium levels were measured using the Abbott ARCHITECT PLUS C 8000 autoanalyzer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, employing t-tests, chi-square tests, and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Serum magnesium (0.63 ± 0.40 mmol/L vs. 0.85 ± 0.10 mmol/L, p<0.001) and calcium (7.7 ± 1.80 mg/dL vs. 9.3 ± 0.61 mg/dL, p<0.001) levels were significantly lower in ASD cases compared to healthy children. Maternal age (26.90 ± 3.71 vs. 23.58 ± 3.21 years, p<0.05), paternal age (34.14 ± 3.17 vs. 30.48 ± 2.98 years, p<0.05), and prenatal risk factors (e.g., maternal diabetes, threatened abortion) were significantly associated with ASD. Conclusion: Children with ASD in Bangladesh exhibit significantly reduced serum magnesium and calcium levels, suggesting a potential role in ASD pathogenesis. These findings support the recommendation for routine screening and possible supplementation to enhance…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 100 participants or records.
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