Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and the risk of colorectal cancer: A cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background
The role of vitamin D in the prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been the focus of research, but the results of relevant studies are not entirely consistent. While most studies indicate that vitamin D has a protective effect against CRC, there are also research reports stating that at high serum levels, there is no significant association between vitamin D and CRC, or even an increased risk. Additionally, there are still differences in the recommended serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations among various guidelines or committees. This study examined the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and the risk of CRC in US adults.
Methods
This study included 43,678 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2018, and logistic regression modelling was used to examine the association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and the risk of CRC. We grouped participants according to the classification criteria of the various guidelines available for vitamin D, and controlled for confounding using a multi-model strategy, adjusting for key covariates such as gender, age, race, education level, marital status, family income to poverty ratio (PIR), body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, drinking habits, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, calcium intake, and total folate intake. We also performed trend tests to evaluate the linear relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and CRC risk,…
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