Cost-effectiveness of add-on empagliflozin versus standard of care in management of CKD in Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam - findings from a modelling study assessing an EMPA-KIDNEY eligible population, using CKD progression model
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nearly one in ten individuals in South-East Asia are estimated to be affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). The burden of end-stage kidney disease is significant and can be heavy on the healthcare system. The recent EMPA-KIDNEY trial demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with CKD with a broad range of kidney function using add-on empagliflozin versus standard of care (SoC) alone. The objective of this study was to estimate the economic benefit of empagliflozin for patients with CKD in Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam.
METHODS: An individual patient level simulation model with an annual cycle that estimates the progression of kidney function and associated risk-factors was employed. Local costs and mortality rates were estimated from a wide range of published literature. A healthcare perspective was used over a 50-year time horizon.
RESULTS: The use of add-on empagliflozin versus SoC alone was found to be cost-saving in Malaysia and Thailand and cost-effective (ICER: 77,838,407 Vietnam Dong/QALY vs. a willingness to pay threshold of 96,890,026/QALY) in Vietnam. The bulk of the costs avoided over a lifetime is derived from the prevention or delay of dialysis initiation or kidney transplant - the cost offsets were nearly twice the additional treatment cost. The results were similar in patients with and without diabetes and across broad range of albuminuria.
CONCLUSIONS: The…
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