Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin for the acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstract
Abstract Objective This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treatment by synthesizing evidence from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases were thoroughly retrieved from inception to November 30, 2024, to identify eligible RCTs comparing empagliflozin with placebo in AMI treatment. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was leveraged to detect potential bias. The robustness of the results was examined via sensitivity analyses. Publication bias was evaluated via funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results Data from 9 RCTs involving 7,237 AMI patients were analyzed. Meta-analysis revealed that empagliflozin significantly reduced the total hospitalization rate for heart failure (HF) in AMI patients in comparison to placebo (relative risk [RR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57–0.85). Additionally, empagliflozin significantly improved their ejection fraction (EF) (standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.63–1.38), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) (SMD = −0.27, 95% CI = −0.48 to −0.06), body weight (SMD = −0.80, 95% CI = −1.15 to −0.45), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (SMD = −0.54, 95% CI = −0.88 to −0.20). Statistically significant differences were not noted in other parameters (all p > 0.05). The incidence of adverse events (AEs), such as hepatic dysfunction, contrast-induced nephropathy, and urinary tract infections,…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 7,237 participants or records.
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