Comprehensive Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background: Evidence regarding the impacts of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) remains inconsistent. Objectives: This systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis evaluated effects of Mg supplementation on anthropometric indices, liver and kidney function, lipid and glycemic profiles, blood pressure, and inflammatory biomarkers. Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases up to May 2026 identified 78 eligible randomized controlled trials. Results: Mg supplementation significantly reduced body weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −0.70 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.30, −0.09), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: −1.58 mmHg; 95% CI: −2.50, −0.65), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (WMD: −0.48; 95% CI: −0.79, −0.18), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: −3.21 mg/dL; 95% CI: −5.27, −1.15), fasting blood glucose (WMD: −3.60 mg/dL; 95% CI: −6.13, −1.06), systolic blood pressure (WMD: −2.50 mmHg; 95% CI: −4.08, −0.91), glycated hemoglobin (WMD: −0.15%; 95% CI: −0.26, −0.03), triglycerides (WMD: −9.24 mg/dL; 95% CI: −16.87, −1.61), and interleukin-6 levels (WMD: −1.10 pg/mL; 95% CI: −1.93, −0.27) compared with controls. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations significantly increased (WMD: 1.45 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.37, 2.54). No significant effects were identified on hip circumference, alanine aminotransferase, waist circumference, tumor necrosis factor-α, creatinine, C-reactive protein, body mass…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Bioactive Molecules Released in Food by Lactic Acid Bacteria: Encrypted Peptides and Biogenic Amines
- A central role for amyloid fibrin microclots in long COVID/PASC: origins and therapeutic implications
- Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of phenolic compounds
- The Glutamate Hypothesis in ALS: Pathophysiology and Drug Development
- Therapeutic Approaches to Genetic Ion Channelopathies and Perspectives in Drug Discovery
- Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome Concerning the Cardiometabolic Risk
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.