A comprehensive review on nutritional and antioxidant properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed oil with its therapeutic utilization as phytomedicine
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is considered the queen of oilseed crops, which is one of the oldest oil crops used for human consumption.The crop is widely grown in the tropical regions of Asia and Africa.The demand for sesame seed oil has increased in the recent past due to high quality oil, antioxidant properties and phytochemical composition.The oil content of sesame seed is about 50-60%, which serves as reservoir of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).The health promoting properties in sesame oil are attributed to its content of lignans, tocopherols and tocotrienols.Sesame is known for the biological source of sesame furofuran lignans (sesamin, sesamol, sesamolin and sesaminol), which determines the oxidative stability and antioxidative activity.The balanced ratio of oleic and linoleic acids in sesame oil makes its more suitable for human health.In sesame oil, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6) constitute about 80 per cent and the remaining 20% is monosaturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acids).The omega 3 and omega 6 polyunsaturated fattyacids play a pivotal role in the immune system and pro inflammatory process by acting as a precursor of eicosanoids.Sesame seed oil lowers the blood sugar, blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and increases HDL cholesterol and provides various health advantages such as neuroprotective, ahypocholesterolemia and antihypertensive activities.It also reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, fatty liver…
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