Impacts of melatonin supplementation in children with autism spectrum disorder
Abstract
Introduction: Melatonin is a neurohormone synthesized from tryptophan and is related to the circadian cycle, sleep, and wakefulness. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often develop sleep disorders due to dysregulation in this hormone. Melatonin use in this population is a therapeutic option with proven positive results. Studies have shown that melatonin supplementation, when compared to placebo, improves sleep quality in children with ASD. This study sheds light on this discussion, contributing to new findings and treatment possibilities.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term impacts of melatonin supplementation in children with ASD, considering its effects on sleep, behavior, social development, and quality of life.
Methods: This is a literature review that used PUBMED database with the descriptors “Autism Spectrum Disorder,” “Melatonin,” “Long-term Effects,” and “Children,” restricting the search to articles published within the past decade. Forty results were retrieved, of which only six were selected based on thematic focus and relevance.
Results: Sleep disorders are common in children with ASD, leading to the use of extended-release melatonin as a therapeutic intervention. Randomized studies demonstrate its effectiveness in improving sleep duration, increasing uninterrupted sleep periods, reducing nighttime awakenings and sleep latency, and directly impacting quality of life. Treatment should begin by ruling out other…
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