Social jet lag and visual acuity decline in junior high students: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract
Reduced visual acuity, defined according to the Technical Standard for Physical Examination for Students (GB/T 26343 - 2010) as unaided distance visual acuity below 5.0 on the 5-grade notation scale (equivalent to LogMAR ＞ 0.0), affects more than 40% of junior high school students in China. Lifestyle factors have been implicated in refractive development; however, the role of social jet lag remains unclear. We examined the association between large social jet lag, defined as a sleep midpoint discrepancy exceeding 1 h between school and leisure days, and incident visual acuity decline over one year. In this retrospective cohort study, 903 students from 2 junior high schools in Yangzhou, China were included. Baseline lifestyle-related information was extracted from pre-2020 records. Initial visual acuity was assessed in 2020, with follow-up assessment in 2021. Incident visual acuity decline was defined as a deterioration of at least 1 acuity grade. During follow-up, 77 students (8.5%) experienced visual acuity decline. Large social jet lag, observed in 28.9% of participants, was independently associated with an increased risk of visual acuity decline (adjusted RR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.13-2.78). These findings suggest that social jet lag is associated with visual acuity decline in junior high school students and may represent a relevant lifestyle-related factor in adolescent visual health.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Tryptophan Metabolism and Gut-Brain Homeostasis
- Rationale for a Multi-Factorial Approach for the Reversal of Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease and MCI: A Review
- Prioritized Research for the Prevention, Treatment, and Reversal of Chronic Disease: Recommendations From the Lifestyle Medicine Research Summit
- Relationship between sleep disorders and gut dysbiosis: what affects what?
- The role of CLOCK gene in psychiatric disorders: Evidence from human and animal research
- Genetic, Transcriptome, Proteomic, and Epidemiological Evidence for Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Polymicrobial Brain Invasion as Determinant Factors in Alzheimer’s Disease
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.