Advances in research on the association between global air pollution and atopic dermatitis
Abstract
Background: Escalating global air pollution poses severe threats to public health. Beyond respiratory and cardiovascular damage, air pollutants adversely affect cutaneous health. Atopic dermatitis (AD), a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, has been closely linked to environmental pollutant exposure in recent research, arousing widespread academic concern.
Objective: This narrative review aimed to comprehensively summarize current evidence on the correlation between air pollution and AD, and further elaborate the epidemiological features, potential pathogenic mechanisms, as well as targeted prevention and therapeutic strategies for pollution-related AD.
Methods: Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases covering April 2021 to December 2025, with core keywords related to air pollutants, AD, pathogenesis, exposure and climate change. Following narrative review guidelines, high-quality peer-reviewed studies with an impact factor ≥ 3.0 were included, focusing on cutting-edge evidence regarding air pollutant-AD associations, climatic and geographical disparities, microbiome interactions, and novel therapies.
Results: Exposure to particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and cigarette smoke significantly increases AD incidence and severity. Key mechanisms include skin barrier damage, skin microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative inflammatory stress, aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway activation, and epigenetic gene-environment interactions. Urban…
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