Management of adult insomnia in Australia: a joint position statement of the Australasian Sleep Association, Sleep Health Foundation, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Australian Psychological Society, Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, and Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association
Abstract
This joint position statement of Australian sleep and primary care organizations provides information to healthcare providers on the management of adults with insomnia symptoms in Australia. Perspectives of sleep researchers, psychologists, sleep physicians, general practitioners, pharmacists, nurses, advocacy and implementation experts, and people with lived experience of insomnia are represented. Insomnia may present as an acute disorder (lasting up to 3 months) or a chronic disorder (lasting for 3 months or longer). Untreated insomnia is associated with lowered mood, daytime function, productivity, and quality of life. Insomnia assessment and diagnosis is based on self-reported symptoms. Insomnia occurring in the context of other conditions should be considered a "comorbid condition" that requires concurrent and targeted assessment and management. Recommendations about healthy sleep practices (sleep hygiene) are not an adequate stand-alone treatment for chronic insomnia. Multi-component Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for insomnia (CBTi) is the recommended "first-line" treatment for insomnia. There is evidence that CBTi is effective in a range of settings, in the presence of comorbid conditions, and when delivered in different modalities (e.g. individual sessions, group settings, tele-health, self-guided digital programs). Other evidence-based psychological and behavioral therapies may be appropriate for specific presentations, and in people that do not respond to CBTi.…
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