Association of dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and n-6/n-3 ratio with high-frequency hearing loss: A cross-sectional study
Abstract
Although polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are recognized for their beneficial impact on human health, evidence regarding their association with high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between the dietary intake of n - 3 and n - 6 PUFAs, dietary n - 6/n - 3 PUFA ratio, and HFHL. In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from 2 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2012 and 2015 to 2016. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of dietary n - 3 and n - 6 PUFA intake and the dietary n - 6/n - 3 PUFA ratio with HFHL. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were performed to evaluate potential dose-response relationships. Stratification and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings. A total of 6454 adults aged 30 to 69 years were included (mean [standard deviation age, 49.2 [11.4] years; 50.9% women), among whom 44.7% had HFHL. After full adjustment, higher dietary intake of both n - 3 and n - 6 PUFAs was associated with lower odds of HFHL (adjusted odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-0.99 for n - 3 PUFAs; and 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81-0.99 for n - 6 PUFAs). RCS analyses demonstrated a linear inverse dose-response relationship (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses generally supported the robustness of these associations; no significant interactions were observed for n - 3…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 6,454 participants or records.
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