Gut microbiota and western dietary patterns associated with behavioral problems in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Childhood and adolescence are crucial periods for brain development, during which multiple environmental factors, including gut microbiota and dietary habits, play important roles. However, the combined impact of those factors on neurodevelopment and mental disease risk remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationships between gut microbiota and diet and their role in classifying behavioral problems that may precede mental disorders in children and adolescents.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study, including data from 335 subjects, including 202 children (5-10 years) and 133 adolescents (11-17 years). Gut microbiota was analysed in stools by shotgun metagenomics. Dietary habits, lifestyle factors and emotional and behavioral difficulties were screened using validated questionnaires. Penalized Logistic Regression models were trained to classify individuals into Healthy and Behavioral Problem groups based on microbial diversity, differential abundance of bacterial species, dietary patterns, and food and nutrient intakes. Mediation analyses were applied to assess whether gut microbiota mediates the effect of diet on behavioral problems.
Results: A Western diet characterized by poor adherence to dietary recommendations was consistently associated with behavioral problems in all age groups. Individuals with behavioral problems exhibited distinct gut microbiota profiles characterized by lower levels of short-chain fatty acid-producing…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 335 participants or records.
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