n-3 Fatty acid intake and circadian syndrome in US adults: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018
Abstract
Circadian syndrome (CircS) appears to be a better predictor for CVD than metabolic syndrome, and n-3 fatty acids are generally suggested to alleviate negative health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the association between n-3 intake and CircS and examine the effect modification by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. In this cross-sectional study, data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018 were analysed (n 12 028). Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was applied to analyse the associations of n-3 intake with CircS and its components. Subgroup analyses examining the effect modification by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were followed by a restricted cubic spline investigating the non-linear associations between n-3 intake and CircS by race. The weighted prevalence of metabolic syndrome and CircS was 45·8 and 37·3 %, respectively. Overall, no significant associations were found between the intake of total n-3, EPA or DHA and CircS. However, n-3 intake was associated with a lower risk of depression - a component of CircS. Comparing extreme quartiles of n-3 intake (highest v. lowest), the OR (95 % CI) for depressive symptoms was 0·77 (0·64, 0·90). Among the Black, those in the highest quartile of n-3 intake were more likely to have CircS, with the OR (95 % CI) of 1·36 (1·02, 1·82). No association between n-3 intake and CircS in the total study population was observed. However, n-3 intake was inversely associated with…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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