Effects of the SGLT2-inhibitor Empagliflozin on Patients With SIADH - the SAND Study
Abstract
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIADH) is characterized by an imbalance of antidiuretic vasopressin (AVP) secretion. The impaired AVP regulation leads to water retention and secondary natriuresis and is a common cause for hyponatremia.
The therapeutic options, aside from treating the underlying disease, depend upon the onset and severity of the symptoms and involve usually fluid restriction or hypertonic saline infusion. Alternative therapeutic options are loop diuretics, administration of oral urea or vasopressin receptor antagonists (vaptans). Despite those options, there are a considerable number of patients which do not sufficiently respond, making additional therapy necessary.
Empagliflozin (Jardiance)® is a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2)-inhibitor, which is a new treatment option developed for patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The SGLT2 is expressed in the proximal tubule and reabsorbs approximately 90 percent of the filtered glucose. The inhibition of SGLT2 results in renal excretion of glucose with subsequent osmotic diuresis. This mechanism could result in a therapeutic effect in patients with hypotonic hyponatremia as in SIADH.
The aim of this study is to evaluate whether empagliflozin (Jardiance)® has an effect on the serum sodium levels of patients with SIADH.
Conditions: SIADH.
Primary outcome: Serum sodium.
Enrollment: 88 participants.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a clinical trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 88 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Strategy for Mitigating DKA Risk in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes on Adjunctive Treatment with SGLT Inhibitors: A STICH Protocol
- Glucoraphanin: a broccoli sprout extract that ameliorates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: Targeted Metabolomics and Energetic Metabolism
- Mechanisms of blood pressure reduction with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors: beyond glycaemic control
- Decoding the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac arrhythmias in heart failure
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.