Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma in urethritis: a six-year retrospective study
Abstract
Background: To describe the distribution of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. detections and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among symptomatic patients evaluated for urogenital infection at a tertiary care center in Turkey over six years (2019-2024).
Methods: This retrospective study included adults who underwent laboratory testing for Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. due to urogenital infection symptoms. Clinical specimens included first-void urine samples and urethral or cervical swabs. Detection was performed using a commercial multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay, with culture-based confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Results: A total of 525 patients with laboratory-detected Ureaplasma spp. and/or Mycoplasma spp. were analyzed. Ureaplasma spp. were detected in 92.6% of cases, Mycoplasma spp. in 1.5%, and dual detection in 5.9% of cases. The median age was 29 years (range: 17-83 years), and 69.0% were male. Urethral discharge (42.9%) and unprotected sexual contact (67.0%) were the most common symptoms. Coexisting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were recorded, with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) being the most frequently reported. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance to fluoroquinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin (79.3% in Ureaplasma spp. and 56.4% in Mycoplasma spp.). Tetracycline susceptibility was observed in 75.2% and 71.8% of isolates, respectively, whereas josamycin showed the highest…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 525 participants or records.
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