Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstract
ObjectiveSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are widely used in the management of diabetes mellitus and have demonstrated substantial cardiovascular and renal protective effects, particularly in patients with heart failure. However, their impact on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains insufficiently characterized.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The primary outcome was the composite cardiovascular outcome (defined as cardiovascular mortality and total hospitalization for heart failure). Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, and adverse events.ResultsThree randomized controlled trials involving 1986 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were included; in total, 1113 patients received sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors treatment and 873 received placebo. Compared with the placebo, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of the composite cardiovascular outcome (risk ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval: 0.65-0.87; p p p = 0.23) and cardiovascular death (risk ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval: 0.74-1.24; p = 0.73) were observed. The incidence of adverse events was comparable between the two…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 1,986 participants or records.
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