Impact of Clinical Factors on Nosocomial Infections and Bacterial Resistance in Resuscitation Settings in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Background Nosocomial infections (NIs) are a key indicator of healthcare quality. This study aimed to identify the main determinants of NIs in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Yopougon University Hospital, providing updated local data to improve care quality and guide prevention strategies. Methods This was a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over 11 months in the ICU. Results We recorded 55 NIs, representing 17.52% of ICU admissions. The male-to-female ratio was 1.80, with an average age of 42.00 ± 20.29 years. Hypertension (28.34%) and diabetes (8.92%) were the most common comorbidities. The leading causes for admission were consciousness disorders (18.47%), stroke (16.88%), and polytrauma (15.29%). Common invasive procedures included urinary catheter insertion (61.78%), mechanical ventilation (35.99%), venous catheter insertion (13.38%), and external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion (5.73%). Germs were identified in 17 cases (5.41% of NIs), with Klebsiella (29.41%), Pseudomonas (35.29%), and Escherichia coli (17.65%) being the most common. Other germs included Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp. and Enterobacter spp. Antibacterial resistance was found in 64.70% of isolates. Factors independently associated with NIs were recent surgery (excluding immediate postoperative), obesity, EVD insertion, anemia, and prolonged hospitalization. Patients with hemodynamic instability or from the surgery department were less likely to…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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