A Synthetic Peptide 2Abz23S29 Reduces Bacterial Titer and Induces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in a Murine Model of Urinary Tract Infection
Abstract
Introduction: A urinary tract infection (UTI), which is often caused by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains, affects many people worldwide annually. UPEC causes the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by the bladder epithelial cells; however, it has been proven that the UPEC can inhibit the early activation of the innate immune system. Methods: This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of different doses of truncated alpha-defensins (human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1) analog 2Abz 23 S 29 on the mouse UTI model. Experimentally uropathogenic E. coli CFT073-infected mice were treated with low-dose 2Abz 23 S 29 (250μg/mL), high-dose 2Abz 23 S 29 (750μg/mL), ciprofloxacin (cip) (800μg/mL), or high-dose 2Abz 23 S 29 plus cip once a day 24 h post-infection. The 2Abz 23 S 29 and cip treatment were given for two consecutive days. Results: The in vivo results showed that fewer UPEC were recovered from the bladders of mice treated transurethrally with 2Abz 23 S 29 . Moreover, low-dose 2Abz 23 S 29 significantly decreased the level of the interleukin-6 (IL-6), whereas high-dose 2Abz 23 S 29 increased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein/2 (MIP/2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in infected bladders of mice. Besides, the levels of cytokines IL-6 and MIP/2 in infected mice treated with a combination of high-dose 2Abz 23 S 29 and cip were significantly higher than the untreated mice. In…
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