Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of E. Coli in Urinary Tract Infections among Pregnant Women in Nigeria
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant health issue for pregnant women, primarily due to physiological and anatomical changes during pregnancy that increase susceptibility. This review investigates the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Escherichia coli (E. coli), the leading cause of UTIs in pregnant women in Nigeria. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) has been identified as the primary pathogen, with studies indicating high prevalence rates across various regions of Nigeria. The rise in antibiotic-resistant UPEC strains poses a considerable challenge for treatment, often leading to complications. Contributing factors include poor socioeconomic conditions, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and the misuse of antibiotics, which exacerbate the situation. The review evaluates various diagnostic methods, including urine culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, emphasizing the necessity for accurate and timely detection to effectively manage UTIs. The impact of UTIs during pregnancy is significant, potentially resulting in preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal morbidity if untreated. The importance of routine screening, antibiotic stewardship, and enhanced surveillance is highlighted as essential strategies to mitigate these adverse outcomes and improve maternal and neonatal health. Public health interventions are urgently needed to enhance diagnostic…
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