Whole genome sequencing of the multidrug-resistant pathogen Citrobacter werkmanii recovered from a urinary tract infection patient (case in Mosul, Iraq)
Abstract
Citrobacter werkmanii is an emerging opportunistic human pathogen increasingly widespread in poor nations, r e sponsible for wound, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections. The whole genome sequence of C. werkmanii SAS had a size of 5,072,546 bp and yield ed a GC content of 51.99% distributed within 61 contigs; the largest contig was 941,705 bp, and the smallest was 528 bp with an N 50 value of 351,029. Using the Rapid Annotation System Technology (RAST) server, 4793 coding sequences were detected in addition to 71 RNA genes from different categories. The phylogenetic taxonomy tree of C. werkmanii SAS, generated using the Type Strain Genome Server (TYGS), identified the closest type strains as C. cronae Tue2-1T (accession number: NZ_VOSQ01000380.1). A search for antibiotic resistance genes was conducted in the genome of C. werkmanni SAS utilizing the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD). The findings indicated that the genome harbored five key genes associated with resistance to various classes of antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolone, cephamycin, cephalosporin, glycopeptides, polypeptide antibiotics, and tetracyclines. A consi s tent GC content was noted in the SAS genome; however, regions with low GC content were identified at multiple loc a tions. Those regions are an indicative of a possible horizontal gene transfer or insertions in such genomic locations.
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