Antibacterial Potency of Giant African Land Snail (Archachatina marginata) Slime And Haemolymph Against Plasmid–Mediated Antibiotic Resistance Implicated in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Abstract
Plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistant bacteria had been a public health concerns as they are resistant to all classes of antibiotics. Slime and Haemolymph of snails had been reported to constitute a large reservoir for pharmacologically antimicrobial properties but there is paucity of reports on antimicrobial proteins encoded in mollusc groups in Africa especially in Nigeria. Consequently, the objective of this paper was to assess the antibacterial potency of giant African land snail (archachatina marginata) slime and haemolymph against plasmid–mediated antibiotic resistance implicated in lower respiratory tract infection using appropriate standard methods with 100 snail samples. Data obtained show that 49% were positive with growth of bacterial isolates and 8 bacterial species were identified which include Escherichia coli (18.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.3%), Klebsiella pneumonia (26.5%), Klebsiella oxytoca (6.1%), Proteus mirabilis (2.0%) and Bacillus substilis (12.3%). Fifteen out of the 49 isolates were multidrug resistant of which 9 possessed no plasmids, 5 possessed single-sized plasmids (1100 bp) while 1 isolate possessed multiple-sized plasmid bands (2500 bp). The slime and haemolymph showed varied inhibitory and bactericidal potency against the 7 test isolates with zone of inhibition range of 10±0.71mm – 22.5±2.12mm. MIC values ranged from 3.125mg/mL to 50mg/mL while MBC value ranged from of…
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