Prevalence, bacterial profile and factors associated with urinary tract infections among people living with HIV in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Globally about 14–20% of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) seek medical attention as a result of urinary tract infections annually. This has caused a big challenge in developing countries due to limited health-care services, poor health service seeking behaviors, and poverty. Understanding the epidemiology of urinary tract infections in PLHIV is key in making targeted interventions towards the control of this cause of morbidity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide a comprehensive overview of prevalence, bacterial profile and factors associated with Urinary tract infection among HIV patients in Africa. We searched four bibliographic databases Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar in April 2024 to identify studies conducted in Africa that reported urinary tract infections among HIV patients. We formulated a search query using the keywords “urinary tract infections”, “prevalence”; “Africa” with Africa expanded to include individual African countries combined using Boolean operators (AND, OR). The identification, selection and inclusion of studies followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis. Our review of thirty studies (30) across eleven (11) African countries involved 8603 participants of which 2032 were positive for urinary tract infections. The prevalence of urinary tract infection among PLHIV in Africa is 24% (95%CI [19.00 – 31.00]; I2 = 97% [97.83–98.43%]), and a total of 1783 bacteria were…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 8,603 participants or records.
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