Investigation of biofilm production and antibiotic susceptibility in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections affecting individuals of all age groups and represent a significant public health concern worldwide. They are responsible for a substantial number of hospital admissions and outpatient visits and are frequently associated with recurrent infections, prolonged treatment, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens has complicated the empirical management of UTIs, highlighting the need for continuous surveillance of bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the most common bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infections and to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance profiles of the isolated bacteria. A total of 160 clinical urine samples were collected from patients with suspected UTIs who attended Kirkuk Hospital, Kirkuk City, Iraq, between October 2023 and February 2024. Samples were obtained from hospitalized and outpatient individuals following examination by specialist physicians and referral to the microbiology laboratory. Standard microbiological procedures were used for bacterial isolation and identification, followed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing against a panel of commonly prescribed antibiotics. The findings revealed that Escherichia coli was the predominant bacterial isolate associated with urinary…
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