Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the intensive care unit during and after the COVID- 19 pandemic
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) acquired in hospitals, particularly among patients in intensive care units (ICUs), are prevalent and represent a significant clinical issue as they are associated with increased patient morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, elevated healthcare costs, and antimicrobial resistance development. This study was conducted in the ICU of the University Hospital in Wrocław, Poland, from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2024, and included 2,751 patients. The aim was to evaluate the incidence, epidemiological, and microbiological characteristics, mortality rates, and prevention strategies of UTIs during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (48 hours after admission) was recorded in 243/2751 (8.83%) patients, whereas UTI at admission was found in 63/2751 (2.3%). The mean CAUTI incidence rate (per 1,000 patient-days) was 6.99, 95% CI (6.13-7.85), whereas the mean CAUTI incidence density (per 1,000 urinary catheter days) was 7.04, 95% CI (6.18-7.91). CAUTI was significantly more frequent in females (12.32%) than in males (6.85%), p = 0.0000008, and in internal-medical patients (14.07%) compared to surgical patients (6.45%), p < 0.000001. The mean CAUTI density during the pandemic equaled 8.03, 95% CI (6.46-9.60) and was greater than in the post-pandemic period 6.25, 95% CI (5.34-7.17), p = 0.051. No statistically significant difference was observed in CAUTI incidence between COVID-positive 27/264 (10.23%) and…
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