Assessing the Effectiveness and Safety of Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetics with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), comprising ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina, is a significant coronary heart disease subcategory causing one-third of deaths in individuals aged 35 and above. Risk factors for ACS include smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and more. Diabetes mellitus, linked to cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors, increases coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality risk by 2–4 times and negatively impacts post-myocardial infarction prognosis. Empagliflozin, an antidiabetic agent for type 2 diabetes patients, works by inhibiting sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) in kidneys, reducing renal glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. SGLT2 inhibitors like empagliflozin may lower CV event risks, reduce heart failure hospitalisations and improve cardiac function parameters. However, specific empagliflozin outcomes on diabetic patients with CAD need further meta-analysis investigation.
We conducted a comprehensive search across four electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) up until April 2024, to identify pertinent studies evaluating the effectiveness of empagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetics with acute coronary syndrome. The quality of evidence from trials was assessed using the Risk of Bias tool 1. The data from the included studies were extracted into a uniform online sheet and analysed…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 729 participants or records.
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