Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pediatric urinary tract infection cases: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background:Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common clinical concern, with increasing resistance to empirical antibiotics posing a major challenge to effective management. Local resistance surveillance is essential for guiding appropriate treatment strategies.
Objective:To assess the frequency and resistance patterns of uropathogens isolated from pediatric UTI cases in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted over eight months, enrolling 422 children aged 1 month to 12 years with culture-confirmed UTIs. Urine samples were processed using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.
Results:Escherichia coli was the most prevalent uropathogen (69.2%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.7%) and Proteus mirabilis (5.7%). High resistance rates were observed in E. coli to ampicillin (84.6%), co-trimoxazole (65.1%), and cefixime (52.3%). Nitrofurantoin (13.4%) and meropenem (3.4%) showed the lowest resistance. Multidrug resistance was identified in 53.4% of E. coli and 65.5% of Klebsiella isolates. The findings reveal a concerning trend of diminished efficacy of first-line antibiotics in pediatric UTIs.
Conclusion:The high prevalence of resistant and multidrug-resistant uropathogens necessitates routine local antibiogram development…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 422 participants or records.
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