Quinolone resistance mediated by mutations in gyrA and parC genes among E. coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections are common, with Escherichia coli as the primary pathogen. Increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones is a global concern. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from urinary tract infection patients and to identify specific genetic mutations in the gyrA and parC genes associated with this resistance. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 120 urine samples from UTI patients in Baghdad (March-April 2023) were analyzed. E. coli was cultured, identified, and tested for susceptibility to Norfloxacin, Levofloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin. PCR and sequencing were used to detect mutations in 20 resistant isolates. Results: The study revealed a higher prevalence of UTIs in females (70.0%) compared to males (30.0%). Age groups 21-40 years (37.5%) and 41-60 years (30.0%) had the highest infection rates, while the youngest (80 years) groups had the lowest (3.3% each). E. coli exhibited high resistance to fluoroquinolones: 66.7% to Norfloxacin, 72.5% to Levofloxacin, and 64.2% to Ciprofloxacin. Sequencing identified mutations in the gyrA (466 bp) and parC (540 bp) genes of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. Conclusion: This study concludes that alternative therapies and stricter antibiotic policies are urgently needed to combat high fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli, driven by gyrA and parC mutations. Routine genetic monitoring and cautious fluoroquinolone use are recommended to improve…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause.
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