The Impact of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease on Quality of Life Among Obese Individuals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a widespread digestive condition globally, with obesity being a significant risk factor. GERD symptoms, such as heartburn and acid reflux, are caused by abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Chronic symptoms can negatively impact quality of life (QoL) and may lead to complications such as esophageal adenocarcinoma. Objectives To assess the prevalence of GERD in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia among obese and non-obese individuals and to examine its impact on QoL. Methodology This observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2024. Adults aged 18 years and above from the Eastern Province were recruited using convenience sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed online. A total of 342 participants were included, after exclusions from the initial 438 responses. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results Of the 342 participants, 239 (69.9%) were female and 103 (30.1%) male. GERD was diagnosed in 79 individuals (23.1%). GERD prevalence was significantly associated with age (p = 0.018), marital status (p = 0.005), and occupation (p = 0.021). No significant association was observed with gender, BMI, or smoking status. GERD symptoms included heartburn in 76 participants (22.2%), food reflux in 55 (16.1%), and sleep disturbance in 53 (15.5%). Participants with GERD had significantly lower QoL…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 342 participants or records.
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