Association between lipoprotein(a) and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Abstract Aims High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] level has been demonstrated as an important risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) amongst the older populations, whereas its effects in the younger population remain unclear. This study evaluated the associations between Lp(a) and the risk of premature ASCVD. Method and results PubMed and Embase were searched for related studies until 12 November 2023. Fifty-one studies including 100 540 participants were included. Mean age of patients ranged from 35.3 to 62.3 years. The proportion of male participants ranged from 0% to 100%. The mean follow-up was provided in five studies ranging from 1 year to 40 years. The definition of elevated Lp(a) varied among studies, such as >30 mg/dL, >50 mg/dL, the top tertiles, the top quartiles, the top quintiles, and so on. Higher Lp(a) was significantly associated with the composite ASCVD [odds ratio (OR): 2.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.53–3.02, P < 0.001], especially for coronary artery disease (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 2.06–2.90, P < 0.001) and peripheral arterial disease (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.56–4.21, P < 0.001). This association remained significant in familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.63–5.96, P < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.54–3.23, P < 0.001).Significant results were observed in South Asians (OR: 3.71, 95% CI: 2.31–5.96, P < 0.001), Caucasians (OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 2.22–4.52, P < 0.001), and patients…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 100 participants or records.
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