Antioxidants for adults with chronic kidney disease
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. Increased oxidative stress in people with CKD has been implicated as a potential causative factor. Antioxidant therapy decreases oxidative stress and may consequently reduce cardiovascular morbidity and death in people with CKD. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2012.
Objectives: To examine the benefits and harms of antioxidant therapy on death and cardiovascular and kidney endpoints in adults with CKD stages 3 to 5, patients undergoing dialysis, and kidney transplant recipients.
Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Register of Studies until 15 November 2022 using search terms relevant to this review. Studies in the Register are identified through searches of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE, conference proceedings, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Search Portal, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
Selection criteria: We included all randomised controlled trials investigating the use of antioxidants, compared with placebo, usual or standard care, no treatment, or other antioxidants, for adults with CKD on cardiovascular and kidney endpoints.
Data collection and analysis: Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two authors who also performed data extraction using standardised forms. Results were pooled using random effects models and expressed as risk ratios (RR) or mean difference (MD) with…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 10,468 participants or records.
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