A systematic review of the clinical pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in healthy and diseased populations
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal agent commonly used to treat both systemic and superficial fungal infections. This comprehensive review aims to collate all published pharmacokinetic (PK) data on fluconazole in healthy and diseased subjects.
METHODS
A systematic search of Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library identified 40 clinical PK studies of fluconazole that met inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
In healthy volunteers, oral fluconazole (100 mg) achieved a maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 2.184 ± 0.427 µg/mL and peak time (Tmax) of 2.6 ± 1.4 h, while IV administration produced a steady-state area under curve from 0 to t (AUC0-t) of 608 ± 115.4 µg.h/mL. In diseased populations, fluconazole PK varied according to the underlying clinical condition, including renal and hepatic impairment, peritoneal dialysis, and neoplastic disease. Patients with moderate renal impairment following IV administration exhibited a higher Cmax (15.7 ± 2 ug/mL) than those with severe renal impairment (12.5 ± 1.24 ug/mL). Following a 150 mg oral dose, AUC0-t was higher under fasting than fed conditions (123.600 ± 16.760 vs. 113.000 ± 15.339 µg.h/mL).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review compiles fluconazole PK data to support dose optimization in renal impairment and minimize toxicity and drug-drug interactions.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Drug repositioning: a brief overview
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in Drosophila melanogaster
- Time-resolved in silico modeling of fine-tuned cAMP signaling in platelets: feedback loops, titrated phosphorylations and pharmacological modulation
- Current View on Green Tea Catechins Formulations, Their Interactions with Selected Drugs, and Prospective Applications for Various Health Conditions
- In silico Structure-based Identification of Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Against Alzheimer’s Disease
- Development and In Vitro Evaluation of Controlled Release Viagra® Containing Poloxamer-188 Using Gastroplus™ PBPK Modeling Software for In Vivo Predictions and Pharmacokinetic Assessments
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.